Phytoplankton functional diversity increases ecosystem productivity and stability - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Toulouse INP
Article Dans Une Revue Ecological Modelling Année : 2017

Phytoplankton functional diversity increases ecosystem productivity and stability

Résumé

The effect of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning is one of the major questions of ecology. However, the role of phytoplankton functional diversity in ecosystem productivity and stability under fluctuating (i.e. non-equilibrium) environments remains largely unknown. Here we use a marine ecosystem model to study the effect of phytoplankton functional diversity on both ecosystem productivity and its stability for seasonally variable nutrient supply and temperature. Functional diversity ranges from low to high along these two environmental axes independently. Changes in diversity are obtained by varying the range of uptake strategies and thermal preferences of the species present in the community. Species can range from resource gleaners to opportunists, and from cold to warm thermal preferences. The phytoplankton communities self-assemble as a result of species selection by resource competition (nutrients) and environmental filtering (temperature). Both processes lead to species asynchrony but their effect on productivity and stability differ. We find that the diversity of temperature niches has a strong and direct positive effect on productivity and stability due to species complementarity, while the diversity of uptake strategies has a weak and indirect positive effect due to sampling probability. These results show that more functionally diverse phytoplankton communities lead to higher and more stable ecosystem productivity but the positive effect of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning depends critically on the type of environmental gradient. Previous article in issue
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Dates et versions

hal-02995540 , version 1 (18-11-2020)

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S.M. Vallina, P. Cermeno, S. Dutkiewicz, Michel Loreau, José Montoya. Phytoplankton functional diversity increases ecosystem productivity and stability. Ecological Modelling, 2017, 361, pp.184-196. ⟨10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.06.020⟩. ⟨hal-02995540⟩
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