Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - Toulouse INP
Article Dans Une Revue European Radiology Année : 2021

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Manel Alleg
Morgane Solis
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Bertrand Bourre
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Caroline Papeix
Alexis Caulier
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Jean-Pierre Marolleau
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Céline Kennel
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Samira Fafi-Kremer

Résumé

Objectives: To compare brain MRI findings in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) associated to rituximab and natalizumab treatments and HIV infection. Materials and methods: In this retrospective, multicentric study, we analyzed brain MRI exams from 72 patients diagnosed with definite PML: 32 after natalizumab treatment, 20 after rituximab treatment, and 20 HIV patients. We compared T2- or FLAIR-weighted images, diffusion-weighted images, T2*-weighted images, and contrast enhancement features, as well as lesion distribution, especially gray matter involvement. Results: The three PML entities affect U-fibers associated with low signal intensities on T2*-weighted sequences. Natalizumab-associated PML showed a punctuate microcystic appearance in or in the vicinity of the main PML lesions, a potential involvement of the cortex, and contrast enhancement. HIV and rituximab-associated PML showed only mild contrast enhancement, punctuate appearance, and cortical involvement. The CD4/CD8 ratio showed a trend to be higher in the natalizumab group, possibly mirroring a more efficient immune response. Conclusion: Imaging features of rituximab-associated PML are different from those of natalizumab-associated PML and are closer to those observed in HIV-associated PML.

Dates et versions

hal-03156550 , version 1 (02-03-2021)

Identifiants

Citer

Manel Alleg, Morgane Solis, Seyyid Baloglu, François Cotton, Philippe Kerschen, et al.. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. European Radiology, 2021, European Radiology, 31 (5), pp.2944-2955. ⟨10.1007/s00330-020-07362-y⟩. ⟨hal-03156550⟩
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